Balantidium exhibits a typical fecal-oral life cycle consisting of trophozoite and cyst stages. Near the cytostome and all around the cell membrane are cilia giving a fuzzy appearance outside the cell. Balantidium coli lives in the large intestine where it feeds on bacteria, cells and food particles present in the intestinal lumen. The parasite is characterized by the presence of a large kidney-shaped macronucleus. Trophozoites are 0.03–0.15 mm long and 0.025–0.12 mm wide. B. coli passes its life cycle in two stages, but in one host only. The parasite exists in two stages; trophozoite stage found in dysenteric stool and encysted stage found in chronic cases and carriers. Balantidium coli inhabits the large intestine of humans, pigs and monkeys. Balantidium coli is the largest protozoan parasite in humans and causes a disease called balantidiasis. Trophozoites develop during the … The image at right is an unstained wet mount of a cyst (courtesy of Gustavo Gini). Balantidium coli trophozoite (left) and cyst (right) Life cycle. Balantidium coli lives in the large intestine where it feeds on bacteria, cells and food particles present in the intestinal lumen. The large size and unique morphological features of Balantidium (Figure) precludes its confusion with any other protozoa found in human feces. Key Difference – Cyst vs Trophozoite Protozoa is a subkingdom of the Kingdom Protista with more than 50,000 species and is found in almost every possible habitats. Balantidium coli Trophozoite (A) and Cyst (B) The arrow is pointing to the cytostome or mouth of the trophozoite. Balantidium Coli. PIGS AND SWINE-associated. sive review on Balantidium 30 years ago, but recently the or-ganism has come to be regarded as an emerging protozoan pathogen and has been reviewed by Garcia (22). The trophozoite life stage of Giardia colonizes and proliferates in the small intestine. Protozoans reproduce by asexual methods and … Medical Lab Technician. Balantidium coli is the only pathogenic ciliate. Balantidium coli trophozoite (left) and cyst (right) Life cycle. Balantidium coli- giant, only ciliate, sausage-shaped macronucleus is also key. Biomedical Science. . The trophozoite is oval and measures approximately 50 to 100 µm long and 40 to 70 µm wide. In the apicomplexan life cycle the trophozoite undergoes schizogony (asexual reproduction) and develops into a schizont which contains merozoites.. Humans ingest infective cysts, which then migrate to the large intestine, cecum, and terminal ileum. Medical Laboratory Scientist. Balantidium coli trophozoite. The image on the left was taken at 400x. It goes through two development phases; a cyst and a trophozoite. The trophozoite is ovoid and has an average size of 70 x 45 µm, but can range upwards to 150-200 µm. Protozoa are microscopic unicellular eukaryotes which can either be free living forms or parasitic forms living in the gut of higher level organisms. Medical Technology. The trophozoites replicate by binary fission and conjugation, and they subsist on bacteria. It belongs to the ciliophora phylum and is the only protozoan ciliate to infect humans. Lab Humor. Clinical Chemistry. Balantidium has a simple life cycle, as follows: dormant cyst to trophozoite and trophozoite to cyst. Transmission is direct, from a contaminated water or food supply to humans (Fig. Pig is the natural host and man is an accidental host. Balantidium coli cyst and trophozoite. Trophozoite and cyst stages are shown in the life cycle of Balantidium coli the causative agent of balantidiasis.. The cyst (B) is rounder, smaller, and has a more distinct edge than the trophozoite. B coli exists as a trophozoite and a cyst and usually affects the large intestine, from the caecum to the rectum. 1).
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